Bioremediation

Bioremediation

     Bioremediation is a biological process whereby organic wastes are biologically degraded under controlled conditions.

- This process uses the living organism, primarily microorganisms, to degrade the environmental contaminants.
- It can be done by two methods
1) In-situ (Lower cost)
2) Ex-situ (Higher cost)
- In In-situ bioremediation is treating the contaminated material at the site.
- In Ex-situ bioremediation involve the treatment elsewhere
- Both the methods involve different techniques such as-
1) Bioventing.
2) Biosparging.
3) Bioreactor.

4) Composting

5) Landfarming
6) Bioaugmentation.
7) Biostimulation.
🔵 Bioventing-
       In-situ method, uses microorganisms to biodegrade organic constituents adsorbed on the soils in the unsaturated zone.
🔵 Biosparging-
       In-situ method, uses indigenous microbes to biodegrade organic constituents in the saturated zone, where oxygen and nutrients are injected into the zone to increase biological activity
🔵 Biostimulation-
       Modification of the environment to stimulate the existing bacteria capable of bioremediation.
🔵 Bioaugmentation-
       Selected, standardized bacteria are added to an area, to breakdown the contaminants.
🔵 Composting
       Controlled decomposition of organic matters.
🔵 Bioreactors-
       Used for ex-situ treatment, using engineered containment system.
🔵 Landfarming-
       Contaminated soil is excavated and spread over a prepared bed and periodically tilled until pollutants are degraded.  (Aerobic degradation)